Risk Factors for metabolic fatty liver disease with high suspicion of advanced fibrosis in lean patients attended at the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo, 2012-2022

Abstract

Objective: To determine the sociodemographic, anthropometric, biochemical-metabolic risk factors, and presence of comorbidities associated with metabolic hepatic steatosis with high suspicion of advanced fibrosis in thin patients compared to overweight or obese patients, treated at the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo 2012-2022. Materials and methods: The sample included 160 patients, 80 cases and 80 controls from the medical records of patients treated in the Endocrinology Office. The research was quantitative, observational and analytical of cases and controls. It evaluated socio-demographic, clinical, biochemical variables and comorbidities. Descriptive analysis was used. Chi-square tests, calculation of OR, and confidence interval were applied, and logistic regression analysis was performed to evaluate confounding variables. Results: Sociodemographic: 77.5% female and 36.3% over 60 years of age p<0.05. Anthropometric: 52.5% had abnormal abdominal circumference. Biochemical: 83.8% HDL low p<0.05 OR 10.6; 68.8% hypercholesterolemia <0.05; 72.5% hypertriglyceridemia p<0.05 OR 1.78; 61.3% elevated HbA1c p=0.48; 86.3% elevated LDL p>0.05 and 93.8% Increased ferritin p<0.05 OR 11.8. Clinical: Metabolic syndrome p<0.05 1.22 (0.9-1.44) and within the comorbidities 62.5% had diabetes mellitus p=0.26. After logistic regression analysis: Ferritin, decreased HDL and hypertriglyceridemia with a value of p<0.05. Conclusions: Increased ferritin, decreased HDL, and hypertriglyceridemia influence the risk of developing metabolic dysfunction associated with steatohepatitis with advanced fibrosis in lean patients treated at the Hospital Nacional Dos de Mayo 2012-2022.