Más allá del intestino: compromiso articular en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal

Autores/as

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.47892/rgp.2026.461.2148

Palabras clave:

Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino, Colitis Ulcerosa, Enfermedad de Crohn, Manifestaciones extraintestinales, Etiología, Diagnóstico, Tratamiento, Manejo de la Enfermedad

Resumen

Las manifestaciones extraintestinales (MEI) en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal (EII) constituyen un componente clave de su carga clínica, siendo el compromiso articular la presentación más frecuente y una de las principales causas de deterioro funcional y disminución de la calidad de vida. A pesar de su relevancia, su etiopatogenia continúa siendo incompletamente comprendida. Sin embargo, la evidencia actual sugiere la existencia de un eje intestino-articulación, en el que convergen mecanismos inmunológicos, factores genéticos y alteraciones de la microbiota intestinal. El compromiso articular en la EII abarca un espectro amplio de manifestaciones, que incluyen formas periféricas y axiales, con presentaciones clínicas heterogéneas que pueden preceder, acompañar o ser independientes de la actividad intestinal, lo que dificulta su reconocimiento oportuno y favorece retrasos diagnósticos. En este contexto, la identificación temprana de los signos clínicos y la comprensión de los mecanismos fisiopatológicos subyacentes resultan fundamentales para optimizar el abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico. El presente artículo tiene como objetivo realizar una revisión actualizada de la literatura sobre el compromiso articular en la EII, integrando los principales avances en su fisiopatología y destacando los aspectos clínicos clave para su sospecha, diagnóstico y manejo.

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29.03.2026

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1.
Parra Izquierdo V, Frías-Ordoñez JS, Consuelo Romero M. Más allá del intestino: compromiso articular en la enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal. Rev Gastroenterol Peru [nternet]. 29 de marzo de 2026 [citado 30 de marzo de 2026];46(1):51-7. isponible en: https://revistagastroperu.com/index.php/rgp/article/view/2148

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